The spine is bordered by several groups of muscles: the superficial back muscles that attach to the spine but control limb movement and aid respiratory function, the intrinsic or deep back muscles (of which there are four layers) that act specifically on the spine, moving and stabilising it, and the muscles that attach anteriorly.

• Forceful or repeated back movements, in particular rotation.

• Pain during exertion.
• Aching after exertion.
• Tenderness on pressure at the muscle attachment, near the spinous processes (bony prominences in the midline of the back).
• Contraction of the affected muscle triggers pain in its attachment.

Under the direction of your medical professional and in conjunction with your advised treatment plan, either of the following Thermoskin products is recommended: